Planograpii co



I. S. SURBAUGH.

SHOVEL, SCOOP, GLc.

APPLICATION HLED MAR. 7, 1918.

1,312,766. Patented .12,1919.

3 SH HEET 3.

UNITED s'rATEs PATENT onnion.

vJom: s. sUnBAUGH, or vmonn-Nns, INDIAA.

snovEL, sooor', 8m. w

specification of Letters Patent. Aug- 12, 1919 Appnationifiiednarcn,19-18. serialnaaaoi. w

connections 'between the handles and blades or heads 'of such tools. f

It is the object of the invention to provide novel and improved meansfor .detachably eonnecting the handle and blade in su'cha manner thatprying, torsional lever-age and other strains are successfully resisted,and at the same time, permitt'ing the handle and blade 'to be readilyseparated for replaoing either, especially the blade, should` the samebecome worn out or broken, thus providing for economy.

A further object of the invention is the: provision of such a connectionor joint utilizing but a single securing element, thus minzimizing thecost of manufacture, and 'also enhancing the efi'iciency of theimrplement.

A still further object is the provision of.

the improvements of the nature indicated, which provide thoroughrigidity ofthe tool, and enablethe parts to be readily and economicallymanufactured Wan'd assembled.

With the foregong and other objects in view, which will be apparent asthenature of the invention is better understood,.the invention residesin the novel construction. and arrangement of parts hereirrafter de-ascrilbed and claimed, it being understood that changes oanbe m'adewithin the scope of what isclazimed without departing from the spirit ofthe invention. w

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, 'whereinf wFigure 1 is 'a perspective view of a shovel or scoop incorpo-rating theimprovements, a portion of the handle member being broken away.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal median section of the connection. W

Frig. 3 is an enlarged cross section on the line 3-8 of Fig. 2.

Figs. 4 and 5 are views similar to Fig. 2 showing modifications.

handle member. o

Figs. 'Zand ym'are :planV views of different forms of 'tools utiliz'ingthe irnproli(ements.iV I D The shovelsor scoopsjs'hofvvn in thedraw=ings are of the pattern known in the trade Fig. 6 is a bottomview ofl areinforced as hollow-back, 'although it is to be under- Stood thatthe'features of 'this invention can be used'in various implements and toolsfor which they are suited, the linvention resembllng in some respectsthehshovels, scoops, etc., shown in my' Patent No; 1,247 ,032; grantedNovember 20, 1917,l but having 'de-` cidcd improvements thereover ashereinafter described and claimed. The structure shown in said patentrequires 'several securlng elements, whereastherpresent one neces;sitates but a single secur'ing element, thus cutting down the'lcost ofmanufaeture and the time required for assemblage. s i' Referring lin'ldetail to that form of the inven'tion depicted in"Figs. 1, 2 and 3,lthe blade for headl of the shovel or`sc0opfcomprlses a bottomhavingupturnedsides and back, stamped from Sheet. metal. The back andrear end of' the bottom have an lupstroke roll2 extending forwardlyffrom the rear edge of the blade, and this roll isforked or bifurcated asshown, so as' to have the forwardly divergng ribs| or prongs', 3 up'-struck from the bottomof the bladeto'fe'ffectivelyl stiffen andreinforce the :sa-me.V i

The roll or archedportion 2 provides a recess or pocket thereunder forthe reception of the handle member, asl will heroinafter more fullyappear, andv a transverse rod or cross member 4 extends underneath thecrown of theroll near 'the rear vend thereof and its terminals extendthrough the side wallsof said roll andare securely' anchored thereto.This can be done in various suitable ways, and as shown, the member 4'is in the form of' a rivet having 'the heads 5 at its ends., 'It ispreferable to provide 'washers 6 underneath the heads to bear againstthe side 'walls of the roll and thus istribute the strains, 'andavoidthe memer equivalent means for the same purpose can be used, whichvneed notH be illustrated or described'in detail. The cross memlber 4forms a stirrup or seat `for the clamfping 4 tea-ring loose, altlioughVvarious walls of the roll to strengthenthe blade at this point. Saidmember 4 is preferably of concaved curvature from end to end so as tobetter withstand and take up the strains,

The handle member 7 is tubular as shown, and may be the shank proper ora sleeve or socket for the reception of a wooden shank, whichever ispreferred. Said handle member 7 can be readily bent from sheet metal,and for the purposes of this invention is cut away, as at 8,,at itsbottom portion and forward end, thus leaving an archedforwardlyprojecting tongue 9 at the forward end of the handle member,which is so shaped as to slip forwardly into the recess or cavity of theroll 2 over the member 4 and thus snugly fit the crown of the roll withthe basal end of the tongue or portion 9 over said member 4. The tongue9 is preferably strengthened by a cross tie or stay 10 having itsterminals riveted or otherwise secured to the edge portions of thetongue 9, preferably near the forward end thereof. This serves to holdthe tongue in shape, and if desired, the edge portions ofthe tongue 9can be spread apart, as seen in Fig. 3, so as to snugly fit against theside walls of the roll 2.

The means for clamping or looking the handle member in the roll embodiesa lock lever 11 within the forward end portion of the handle member, andhaving its rear end mounted pivotally upon a transverse pivot 12 engagedthrough the sides of the handle member in rear of the tongue 9. Thislock lever 11 projects forwardly underneath the tongue 9, and is of asize to pass over the tie member 4 when the tongue 9 is introduced intothe roll 2, said. lever having a lower transverse groove 13 to engageand fit on the member 4 Vwhen the handle member is in place. This groove13v is between the ends of the lever, and a clamping screw 14 isthreadedv4 upwardly through the lever 11 near its free end or betweensaid end and the groove 13, so that the upper end or tip of the screwbears upwardly against the crown of the tongue 9.

After the blade and. handle member are brought together, the screw 14can be readily threaded through the lever, and when said screw istightened it will result in the parts being securely and rigidly clampedtogether and locked. This is due to the fact that the lever 11 seats onthe member 4 and the screw 14 being forced upwardly will press thetongue. 9 tightly up against the crown of the roll 2, and the groove 13engaging the member 4 looks the handle member in the roll so that it cannot be accidentally withdrawn. The connection thus provided fulfils allof the requirements, and uses but a single securing element., When thescrew 14. is removed, the handle member and blade can be readily pulledapart or separated, for replacing either of them when broken or wornout. The member 4 stands theprying strain of the implement, and alsostrengthens the blade materially or stifens it to stand the torsionalstrain, as well as the pressure exerted between it and the roll forholding the handle member in place without any loose play whatever.

Fig. 4illustrates a modification, in that the screw is replaced by awedge 14' driven rearwardly between the lever 11 and tongue 9 toaccomplish the same purpose, becz'xuse said wedge forces the lever downon the member 4 and forces the tongue 9 against. the crown ofV the roll.Su'ch an arrangement is a desirable one, it being noted that the wedgecontacts with the tongue 9 for a considerable portion of its length,whereas the screw 14 has but a single point of contact with the tongue,so that the. wedge dis tributes the pressure better.

F ig. 5 shows a further modification, in which both the lever and screware dispensed with, the handle member 7 having a groove or notch 13' atthe basal end of the tongue or portion 9 to engage on the member 4, anda wedge 14' is driven forwardly between the crowns of the roll :2 andtong 2;ueV 9 thereby clamping the handle member itself on the member l4.This is the most simple, although possibly' not the most desirable formof those shown. Each of'them, as will be noted, includes expansiblemeans for the forward portion of the handlemember to clamp it betweenthev tie member 4 and roll 2, which, generally speaking, is the essenceof the invention.

Fig. 6 illustrates a reinforced hand-le member 7. A reinforcement 15 isfitted Within the forward end portion of the han'- dle member 7 a'ndtongue 9, and is shaped to conform thereto. This reinforcing member 15strengthens and stiffens the handle member where the greatest strainsare.

As shown in F ig. 7, the invention is used with a plain roll 2, theblade having sti'lfening ribs 16 at the opposite sides of said roll inlieu of the fork. Fig. S shows the invention used with a different styleof blade having the forkedy roll. These figures depict only a few of themany applications of the present improvements as covered by' thefollowing claims' 1 Having thus described' the invention', what isclaimed as new is 1. A tool embodying a blade liavingla roll with a seatthereunder connected rigidly with both sides of the roll, a handlemember to enter freely between said? roll and'fseat,

and means operable after the handle member is-moved between said rollvand seat for clamping said handle member therebetweeir andoperable for"releasing the `handle-member for withdrawal. I

2. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with 'a seat thereunderconnected rigidly with both vsides of the roll, a handle memberinsertible freely between said roll and seat,

and means to bear on said seat and operable by hand after the handlemember is inserted between'said, roll and seat for clamping the handlemember against said roll, and also operable to release said handlemember for withdrawal.

3. A tool blade having a roll, with a seat thereunder, a handle memberto enter freely between said roll'and seat, and means for engaging oneof the parts of the blade and operable for clamping the handle memberbetween the roll and seat against one of them.

4. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with a seat thereunder, ahandle member between said roll and seat, and expansible means forclamping the handle member between the roll and seat.

5. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with a seat thereunder, atubular handle member extending between said roll and seat, and meanswithin the handle member bearing on said seat for clamping said memberagainst the roll.

6. A tool embodying` a blade having a roll with a seat therennder, ahandle member extending between the roll and seat, a member bearing onthe seat, and means between said members for forcing them, oneagainstthe seat and the other against the roll.

7. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with a seat thereunder, atubular handle member extended between said roll and seat, a memberwithin the handle member bearing on the seat, and means between saidmembers for forcing them, one against the seat and the other against theroll.

8. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with a seat thereunder, ahandle member eX- tending between said roll and seat, a lock memberconnected to the handle member and bearing on and engaging' the seat toprevent longitudinal movement, and means for forcing said members, oneagainst the seat and the other against the roll.

9. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with a seat thereunder, atubular handle member extending between said roll and seat, a lockmember within and connected to the handle member and arranged to bear onand engage the seat and prevent longitudinal movement, and means forforcing said members, one against the seat and the other against theroll.

10. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with a seat thereunder, ahandle member extending between said roll and seat, a lock lever pivotedto the handle member to bear on the seat, and means between saidleverand handle member lfor forcing them against the seat and roll,respectively.

11. A tool embodying a blade having a roll with a seat thereunder,a'tubular handle member extending between said seat and roll, a locklever pivoted within the handle member and arranged to bear on saidseat, and means between said lever and member for forcing them againstsaid seat and roll, respectively.

12. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a cross tie member havingits ends connected rigidly to the sides of the roll, a handlememberinsertible freely between the roll and tie member, and meansoperable by hand for clamping the handle member between the roll and tiemember.

,1.3. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a .cross tie memberconnecting. the sides thereof, a handle member extending between saidroll andmember, and eXpansible means for -clagmplng said handle memberbetween the roll and member. i

14. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof and rigid therewith, a handle membereXtending between said tie member and roll, and means bearing on saidtie member and operable` for pressing the handle member against theroll.

15. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof, a handle member extending between the tiemember and roll, a member bearing on the tie member, and means betweenthe third named and handle members for forcing them, one against the'tie member and the other against the roll.

16. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof, a tubular handle member eX- tendingbetween said roll and tie member, a member within the handle memberbearing on the tie member, and means between the third named and handlemembers for forcing them, one against the tie member and the otheragainst the roll.

17. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a' cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof, a handle member extending between the tiemember and roll, a lock member connected to the handle member andengaging` over the tie member, and means for forcing said lock andhandle members against the tie member and roll, respectively.

18. A tool embodying a blade having a,

against the tie member and roll, respectively.

19. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof, a' tubnlar handle member extending betweensaid tie member and roll, a lock lever within and pivotally connected tothe handle member and having a groove to engage over the tie member, andmeans between the lever and handle member for forcing them against thetie member and roll, respectively.

21. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof, a handle member out awa3v at one end toprovide a tongue to pass over the tie member under the roll, and meansbetween said tongue and tie member for forcing the tongue up against theroll.

Lam/766 ,n tool embodying a blade lhaving a roll, cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof, la handlo member cut away at one end toprovide a tongue to `pass over said tie member under the roll, alockmember connected to the handle member andextending under the tongueto engage over the tie member, and means for forcing said lock memberand tongue against the tie member and roll, respectively. 1

23. A tool embodying a blade having a roll, a cross tie memberconnecting the sides thereof, a handle member cut away at its forwardend and forming -a tongue to pass over the tie .member under the roll, alock lever pivoted within the llandle member, extendzing forwardly.under :the tongue and having a groove to engage over the tie member,and means between said lever and tongue fol` forcing them against theti.a member and roll, respectively.

In testimony whereof hereunto set mv hand this 5th day of March, 1918.

JOHN S. SURBAUGH Copies of this patent may be obtained for five centseach, .b'y addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. O."

